Introduction

• Arithmetic operators in Java are used to perform basic mathematical operations on numeric data types (e.g., int, float, double).
• Arithmetic operators are explained as below :-
  • + (Addition operator): Adds two operands.
  • - (Subtraction operator): Subtracts the second operand from the first.
  • * (Multiplication operator): Multiplies two operands.
  • / (Division operator): Divides the first operand by the second.
  • % (Modulus operator): Returns the remainder when the first operand is divided by the second.
• Program :

  public class ArithmeticOperators
  {
      public static void main(String[] args)
      {
          int a = 10, b = 5;
          double x = 10.5, y = 4.2;
  
          // Addition
          System.out.println("Addition (int): " + (a + b));  // Output: 15
          System.out.println("Addition (double): " + (x + y));  // Output: 14.7
  
          // Subtraction
          System.out.println("Subtraction (int): " + (a - b));  // Output: 5
          System.out.println("Subtraction (double): " + (x - y));  // Output: 6.3
  
          // Multiplication
          System.out.println("Multiplication (int): " + (a * b));  // Output: 50
          System.out.println("Multiplication (double): " + (x * y));  // Output: 44.1
  
          // Division
          System.out.println("Division (int): " + (a / b));  // Output: 2 (integer division)
          System.out.println("Division (double): " + (x / y));  // Output: 2.5
  
          // Modulus
          System.out.println("Modulus (int): " + (a % b));  // Output: 0
          System.out.println("Modulus (double): " + (x % y));  // Output: 2.1
      }
  }

  Output:

  Addition (int): 15
  Addition (double): 14.7
  Subtraction (int): 5
  Subtraction (double): 6.3
  Multiplication (int): 50
  Multiplication (double): 44.1
  Division (int): 2
  Division (double): 2.5
  Modulus (int): 0
  Modulus (double): 2.0999999999999996

Some Advance Important Points :-

• Integer Division: When both operands are integers, the division operator (/) performs integer division, which truncates the decimal part. For example, 10 / 3 results in 3, not 3.333....
• Floating-Point Division: When at least one operand is a floating-point number (float or double), division results in a floating-point value.
• Modulus: The modulus operator returns the remainder of the division. For example, 10 % 3 results in 1 (because 10 divided by 3 gives a remainder of 1).